Serial Endosymbiosis

Cellular evolution from microbes to eukaryotes.

Symbiosis as a mechanism of evolution: status of cell symbiosis theory

Symbiosis as a mechanism of evolution: status of cell symbiosis theory. :
Entrez PubMed: "Several theories for the origin of eukaryotic (nucleated) cells from prokaryotic (bacterial) ancestors have been published: the progenote, the direct filiation and the serial endosymbiotic theory (SET). Compelling evidence for two aspects of the SET is now available suggesting that both mitochondria and plastids originated by symbioses with a third type of microbe, probably a Thermoplasma-like archaebacterium ancestral to the nucleocytoplasm. We conclude that not enough information is available to negate or substantiate another SET hypothesis: that the undulipodia (cilia, eukaryotic flagella) evolved from spirochetes. Recognizing the power of symbiosis to recombine in single individual semes from widely differing partners, we develop the idea that symbiosis has been important in the origin of species and higher taxa. The abrupt origin of novel life forms through the formation of stable symbioses is consistent with certain patterns of evolution (e.g punctuated equilibria) described by some paleontologists."
Margulis L, Bermudes D. Symbiosis as a mechanism of evolution: status of cell symbiosis theory. Symbiosis. 1985;1:101-24.

More:
The phagotrophic origin of eukaryotes and phylogenetic classification of Protozoa. [Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2002] PMID: 11931142
On the origin of mitosing cells. 1967 [J NIH Res. 1993] PMID: 11541390
Symbiont acquisition as neoseme: origin of species and higher taxa. [Symbiosis. 1987] PMID: 11542098
Cell symbiosis [correction of symbioisis] theory: status and implications for the fossil record. [Adv Space Res. 1984] PMID: 11537775
On the origin of mitosing cells [J Theor Biol. 1967] PMID: 11541392

. . . endosymbiotic union began 10/06/06